Web Browser Attack Skirts Corporate Firewalls

IDG News Service (San Francisco Bureau) — A 10-year-old security problem has come back to haunt corporate IT, a security researcher told an audience at the Black Hat conference in Las Vegas Wednesday.

Dan Kaminsky, director of penetration testing for IO Active, showed how problems in the way browser software works with the Internet's domain name system could be exploited to give attackers access to any resources behind the corporate firewall.

He described a multi-step attack that could be used to scan corporate networks for data or vulnerabilities. But at the heart of the attack is a 1996 paper by Princeton researchers showing how a Java applet could be used to access systems on a victim's network. "It's one of the few things that's actually come back from the dead," Kaminsky said.

The fundamental problem, according to Kaminsky, is in the way that Web browser software decides how to trust other computers. This decision is based on the Internet domain name of the computer, and that DNS information can be misused, Kaminsky said. "It's a binding problem," he said during an interview after his talk. "They assume a value is not changing, but the attacker can change it whenever he chooses."

For the past year, security researchers like Kaminsky have increasingly warned how flaws in the security model of Internet applications could be misused to give attackers access to PC resources or other websites being visited by the victim.

In February, security researcher Robert Hansen showed how a DNS-based attack called "anti-DNS pinning" could be used to give an attacker access to any data indexed by Google Desktop.

Hansen said that while Kaminsky's talk may not have disclosed previously unknown vulnerabilities, "it's probably one of the coolest implementations" of this type of attack.

In his talk, Kaminsky described how a malicious website could interact with a browser and—following a complex chain of back-and-forth data requests—ultimately gain access to other resources on the Web surfer's network. Attackers would be able to access any resource available to the victim running the browser, he said. "If you can reach it, so can the bad guy."

He plans to post further details of his attack on his Doxpara.com website later this week.

In Kaminsky's scenario, an attacker would use a proxy server that would send data to the browser, ultimately using Adobe Systems' Flash multimedia software to trick the browser into trusting the outside website as if it were a local network resource, like a printer. "The proxy gets to update the browser to speak the necessary flash to service the bytes being sent to the attacker," he said.