Should Facebook, Twitter Follow IM Providers and Block Access to U.S. 'Enemies'?
Facebook and Twitter should join instant messaging (IM) services and block access to U.S.-sanctioned countries in order to avoid running afoul of the government's trade embargoes, say legal experts.
Windows Live client applications include Movie Maker, Mail, Writer (a blog authoring tool), Photo Gallery, and others.
U.S. Web site hosting firm Blue Host was criticized earlier this spring for shutting down the blogs of users in Iran and other U.S.-sanctioned countries.
Web 2.O wields power
Ironically, in Iran, Facebook, Twitter and YouTube may help determine the outcome of this Friday's presidential election.
Reformist candidate Mir Hossein Mousavi, as well as other candidates, are using the Web services to woo Iran's youthful (30 and under) voters, which comprise nearly half of the country's 46 million eligible voters.
The Iranian government, which has jailed bloggers for anti-government satire, blocked access to Facebook last month, only to restore it after protests.
"Facebook has become the biggest pain in the neck to the Iranian government," said Mehdi Samati, an associate professor of communication at Eastern Illinois University.
Samati, who regularly travels to and communicates with friends and relatives in his home country, says no one in Iran has complained about being unable to access ostensibly-turned-off IM services such as Windows Live Messenger.
Routine attempts by the Iranian government to block access to U.S. Web sites and services are easily circumvented by Iran's tech-savvy populace, which is done by using the many free tools on the Web, Samati said.
Free speech faux pas?
This difficulty in shutting off access to services supports the view of those who argue that attempting to block services to U.S.-sanctioned countries is alarmist and runs against the long-term U.S. interest of bringing democracy to these countries.
"It is completely counterproductive to the spirits of these laws for the U.S. government to censor Twitter in Iran," said Danny O'Brien, a spokesman for international issues at the Electronic Frontier Foundation.
O'Brien notes that the Berman Amendment has long provided an exemption to embargoes for "informational" works such as books, newspapers and general Web sites.
OFAC should treat Web communication and collaboration sites and services that way too, he said.
Web services, whether blog hosters, IM or Twitter, are clearly intermediaries, O'Brien said. "They are not putting the content up themselves," he said. "This seems like the government struggling to understand Web 2.0, and the result being inconsistent pressure from OFAC."
